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Greek Tragedy · Teacher’s Guide
A teaching guide to Euripides’ Bacchae, exploring Dionysus’ arrival in Thebes, King Pentheus’ resistance, and the conflict between religious experience and political authority. Includes literary context, plot, characters, major themes, teaching objectives, close-reading suggestions, classroom activities, and discussion questions.
Read resource →Greek Tragedy · Student’s Guide
A student-friendly guide to Euripides’ Bacchae, exploring Dionysus’ return to Thebes, King Pentheus’ resistance, and questions about authority, belief, identity, and justice. Includes a story overview, character descriptions, important themes, reading guidance, and discussion questions.
Read resource →BOOK TRAILER
A visual introduction to Euripides’ Bacchae, a Greek tragedy about reason, ecstasy, divine power, and the consequences of denying the irrational.
Read resource →Greek Tragedy · Student’s Guide
A student-friendly guide to Euripides’ Electra, exploring Electra and Orestes’ revenge for their father’s murder, the conflict between family loyalty and moral responsibility, and the consequences of guilt. Includes a story overview, characters, important themes, reading guidance, and discussion questions.
Read resource →Greek Tragedy · Teacher’s Guide
A teaching guide to Euripides’ Electra, examining the revenge of Electra and Orestes, the moral consequences of matricide, and the play’s challenges to traditional ideas of justice, nobility, and family duty. Includes historical context, characters, themes, teaching objectives, close-reading passages, classroom activities, and discussion questions.
Read resource →Greek Tragedy · Student’s Guide
A student-friendly guide to Euripides’ Hippolytus, exploring Phaedra’s unwanted desire, Hippolytus’ devotion to Artemis, Theseus’ fatal judgment, and the consequences of secrecy and false accusations. Includes a plot overview, characters, themes, reading guidance, and discussion questions.
Read resource →Greek Tragedy · Teacher’s Guide
A teaching guide to Euripides’ Hippolytus, exploring Phaedra’s forbidden desire, Hippolytus’ devotion to Artemis, Theseus’ fatal judgment, and the conflict between divine power and human responsibility. Includes historical context, plot, characters, major themes, teaching objectives, close-reading suggestions, classroom activities, and discussion questions.
Read resource →Greek Tragedy · Student’s Guide
A student-friendly guide to Euripides’ Medea, exploring Jason’s betrayal, Medea’s threatened exile, the conflict between justice and revenge, and the consequences of her decisions. Includes a plot overview, character descriptions, important themes, reading guidance, and discussion questions.
Read resource →Greek Tragedy · Teacher’s Guide
A teaching guide to Euripides’ Medea, exploring betrayal, exile, gender and power, persuasion, revenge, and moral responsibility. Includes historical context, a plot overview, character descriptions, major themes, teaching objectives, close-reading suggestions, classroom activities, and discussion questions.
Read resource →BOOK TRAILER
A visual introduction to Euripides’ Medea, a Greek tragedy confronting betrayal, exile, injustice, passion, and revenge.
Read resource →Greek Tragedy · Student’s Guide
A student-friendly introduction to Euripides’ Orestes, exploring the aftermath of Clytaemnestra’s murder, Orestes’ suffering, family loyalty, public judgment, and the consequences of revenge. Includes a plot summary, character guide, themes, reading suggestions, and discussion questions.
Read resource →Greek Tragedy · Teacher’s Guide
A teaching guide to Euripides’ Orestes, examining the aftermath of matricide, competing claims of justice, political persuasion, loyalty, escalating violence, and divine intervention. Includes context, plot, characters, themes, teaching objectives, close-reading suggestions, activities, and discussion questions.
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • BACKGROUND GUIDE
An accessible introduction to ancient Greek tragedy, explaining its origins, major playwrights, theatrical conventions, Chorus, dramatic structure, religious context, and central conflicts. Includes essential literary terms, reading strategies, and questions students can apply to tragedies by Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides.
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • BACKGROUND GUIDE
A comparative introduction to Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, exploring their surviving tragedies, dramatic approaches, treatment of justice, knowledge, suffering, and the Chorus. Includes examples from the Oresteia, The Persians, Antigone, Oedipus the King, Medea, and The Bacchae, together with discussion questions and a comparative classroom activity.
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • BACKGROUND GUIDE
A student-friendly introduction to Aristotle's analysis of Greek tragedy, including hamartia, hubris, catharsis, recognition, reversal, and the importance of plot. Distinguishes Aristotle's ideas from later classroom formulas and provides examples from Oedipus the King, Antigone, and Medea, along with discussion questions and a classroom exercise.
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • BACKGROUND GUIDE
An accessible examination of fate, prophecy, free choice, and moral responsibility in Greek tragedy. Uses examples from Sophocles and Aeschylus to distinguish unavoidable circumstances from individual decisions, with close-reading questions and a classroom activity for evaluating tragic choices.
Read resource →GREEK LITERATURE & CULTURE
Ian Johnston explores how Greek ideas of justice, divine power, and human freedom shaped the heroic and tragic vision of ancient Greek literature.
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • BACKGROUND GUIDE
An accessible guide to the role of the gods in Greek tragedy, examining divine authority, oracles, prophecy, sacred obligations, ritual, justice, and human responsibility. Includes examples from Sophocles and Euripides, close-reading questions, and a classroom activity distinguishing characters’ beliefs from dramatic evidence.
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
A student-friendly guide to the political, religious, and cultural setting of Greek tragedy in fifth-century Athens. Explains Athenian democracy and its limits, the festivals of Dionysus, dramatic competitions, audiences, empire, warfare, and the historical settings of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. Includes discussion questions and a classroom activity.
Read resource →THE WORLD OF THE ANCIENT GREEKS
A concise guide to the geography, history, political life, and cultural development of ancient Greece, from the Bronze Age civilizations of Crete and Mycenae through the rise of the city-states, Classical Athens and Sparta, and the age of Alexander the Great.
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • BACKGROUND GUIDE
A clear introduction to the structure of ancient Greek tragedy, explaining the prologue, parodos, episodes, stasima, and exodos. Includes additional dramatic terms, a simplified performance sequence, an example from Sophocles’ Antigone, close-reading questions, and a classroom exercise.
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • BACKGROUND GUIDE
An accessible guide to the Chorus in ancient Greek tragedy, explaining its role as a collective voice, dramatic participant, and performer of choral odes. Includes examples from Antigone, Oedipus the King, and Medea, along with reading strategies, discussion questions, and a classroom activity.
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • THEATER & PERFORMANCE
A student-friendly introduction to the ancient Greek theater and the performance traditions of tragedy. Explains the theatron, orchestra, skene, actors, masks, costumes, the Chorus, music, messenger speeches, and festival audiences, with practical questions to help students imagine how Greek tragedies were originally experienced
Read resource →GREEK TRAGEDY • BACKGROUND GUIDE
A critical introduction to the idea of the tragic hero, explaining why Greek tragedy cannot always be reduced to a noble character with a fatal flaw. Examines error, pride, suffering, moral responsibility, and the complexity of tragic protagonists, with examples from Antigone, Oedipus the King, Ajax, and Medea. Includes discussion questions and a comparative classroom activity.
Read resource →TIMELESS WISDOM, ENDURING RELEVANCE
How the ancient world still shapes our world today
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